The green onions are mainly planted in autumn, and there are fewer spring seedlings.
Spring sowing is usually planted in mid-March. Because spring sowing seedlings are not threatened by convulsions, they are technically better. However, the spring sowing is about 14 days later than the fixed period and harvest period of the autumn sowing.
Autumn sowing is the wintering of the seedlings. If the seedlings are too large and affected by the low temperature, they will pass through the vernalization stage, which will lead to convulsions in the early spring of next year. When the seedlings are small, they will be frozen to death in winter. Generally, it is sown in early September. Before wintering, the seedlings have 2-3 leaves, the plant height is about 10 cm, and the base of the pseudo-stalk is less than 0.5 cm. When the plants are overwintered, they can not be frozen and the uncooked convulsions will not occur.
Sowing: The green onion is thick, the embryo is small, and the germination is slow. After the soil is unearthed, the seedlings are weak, the roots are underdeveloped, the growth is slow, and the seedling period is long. In order to shorten the occupation time and facilitate management, seedling transplanting is usually adopted.
The amount of seed: use the new seed of the year, the seeding amount per acre is 3-4 kg, which can be used to plant 6-8 mu of land; if the seed of the year is used, the seed should be more than doubled, and the year of Chen is more than two years. Seeds can no longer be used.
Seed treatment: Green onions are generally sown by dry seeds. Seed soaking and disinfection before sowing can increase germination rate and emergence rate. Soak the seeds in clean water for 10 minutes, remove the impurities from the sorghum seed, and then put the seeds into the warm water of about 65 ° for 20-30 minutes, and continue to stir; or soak with 20% potassium permanganate solution 20-30 Minutes, then rinse with water to kill the bacteria on the surface of the seed. Seed soaking can be unearthed 1-2 days in advance.
Seeding method: The method of sowing has spread and strip. The dissemination is to first extract a layer of soil in the sowing hoe and sift it for covering the soil. After planting the sputum, fill the bottom water, after the bottom soil, evenly sow, and then take out the sifting soil and sprinkle the seeds. This method is called water type; it can also be sown first, then cover the soil, step on the soil, watering, called Dry broadcast method. The thickness of the covering soil is generally about 2 cm. The seeding is a shallow ditch that is 1.5-2 cm deep in a row of 15 cm. The seed is planted in the ditch, and the surface is smashed. The soil is stepped on, watered, or smashed, the surface is slightly dried, and then flattened. Ditching, sowing, and covering the soil.
Watering and topdressing: The green onions are arched and unearthed, and the ability to top the soil is weak. Only when the soil is kept moist can the seedlings be unearthed normally. In the autumn sowing, if it is watered after sowing, it needs to be poured once in the emergence of seedlings; if it is smashed before sowing, as long as you pay attention to the preservation during the seedling period, you can not water during the emergence period. After emergence, before wintering, it is generally necessary to pour twice water. If the base fertilizer is insufficient, it is necessary to combine the watering with a quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer. In a certain sense, ensuring sufficient N-element nutrition during seedling period is of decisive significance for improving the quality of green onion seedlings. The frozen water is poured again before the earth is frozen. When the average temperature of the day when the green onion turns to 13.5 °, the water is poured back to Qing Shui, and at the same time, the green fertilizer is applied. After that, it is necessary to plant seedlings, cultivating, controlling water and seedlings for 12-15 days. After the seedlings, the green onions should enter the vigorous growth period. In this period, 2-3 times of watering and topdressing should be carried out. Topdressing should be carried out by alternating organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers, which can be applied once with human water, 500-600 kg per mu. Fertilizer applies 20-30 kg of urea per mu.
Spraying herbicides: Where a closed herbicide is applied, the herbicide must be sprayed evenly on the ground 3-4 days after watering.
Inter-Miao: The seedlings must be divided into two parts; the autumn seedlings are carried out in the slow seedling period after the second year of pouring back to the green water, the seedling distance is kept at 2-3 cm; the second time is when the seedling height is about 20 cm. The actual seedlings per mu are about 140,000. The sowing seedlings can reduce the plant spacing to maintain sufficient nutrient area per plant according to the above requirements.
The age-appropriate seedling standard: the seedling height is about 0.4 meters, the scallion is about 0.25 meters long; the base of the pseudo-stalk is about 0.01 meters; the color of the leaves is dark green, the leaves are not less than 4-6; the average weight of each plant is more than 40 grams.
Pest control: The disease of the onion seedlings is lighter, and it should be prevented in time.
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