The plug valve is a closing or plunger-shaped rotary valve that opens or closes by rotating the passage port on the valve plug 90 degrees or the same as the passage port on the valve body. The plug of the plug valve may be cylindrical or conical in shape. In a cylindrical valve plug, the passage is generally rectangular; in a tapered valve plug, the passage is trapezoidal. These shapes make the structure of the plug valve light, but at the same time cause some loss. Plug valves are best suited for use as a shut-off and closing medium as well as for shunting, but can sometimes be used for throttling depending on the nature of the application and the erosion resistance of the sealing surface.
It is also commonly used for media with suspended particles due to the wiping action between the sealing surfaces of the plug valve and the complete contact with the flowing medium during full opening. Another important feature of the plug valve is that it is easy to accommodate multi-channel construction so that one valve can achieve two, three, or even four different flow paths. This simplifies the piping system design, reduces valve usage, and some of the connection accessories needed in the equipment.
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