At the end of 2013, a new regulation in the building waterproofing industry called "Technical Specification for Residential Indoor Waterproofing" (JGJ298-2013) came into effect. This document, referred to as the "Regulation," serves as a guiding framework for the design, construction, and quality inspection of indoor waterproofing projects. It applies specifically to areas such as bathrooms, kitchens, enclosed balconies with water distribution points, and independent water containers like small pools in newly constructed homes.
According to Zhang Ping, a senior engineer from the Architectural Design Institute and one of the main drafters of the regulation, the goal is to improve the quality of residential waterproofing projects and ensure property safety. He noted that many disputes between neighbors arise due to water leakage issues, especially in multi-story buildings where problems in upper floors affect those below.
Unlike roof or underground waterproofing, residential indoor waterproofing involves smaller areas with numerous pipes, fixtures, and joints—such as floor drains, wall-penetrating pipes, and internal corners—that are prone to leaks. Experience has shown that selecting the right materials at these critical points is essential. The Regulation emphasizes using appropriate waterproofing materials based on the specific area, following a sequence: flexible coatings, membranes, and rigid materials.
Zhang highlighted that waterproof coatings offer continuous film formation and are more suitable for indoor use. However, he warned against solvent-based coatings, such as solvent rubber asphalt or tar-based polyurethane, which can release harmful substances. Some companies may even add crude benzene to reduce costs, posing serious health risks to workers in poorly ventilated spaces.
Despite being solvent-based, polyurethane coatings are considered the best-performing option in the industry, particularly in first-tier cities. These materials cure through chemical reactions, making them safer and more effective for indoor applications.
The Regulation also includes four mandatory provisions that must be strictly followed. For instance, solvent-based coatings are prohibited for indoor use, and the waterproof layer must be completely leak-proof. Bathrooms and kitchens must have waterproof layers on both the floor and walls, along with moisture barriers on ceilings. Measures must be in place to prevent water overflow, and drainage pipes should not pass through living spaces. Similarly, kitchen floor drains must be handled carefully to avoid issues.
Ye Linbiao, chairman of the Technical Committee for Waterproofing under the China Architectural Society and chief examiner of the Regulation, expressed concerns about its implementation. He emphasized that if the guidelines are fully followed, indoor leakage and Other related problems could be significantly reduced by addressing design, construction, material selection, and protection systems effectively.
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