**Introduction to 65Mn Spring Steel**
**Standard:** GB/T 1222-1984
**Features and Applications:**
65Mn spring steel is a high-carbon alloy steel that contains manganese, which significantly enhances its hardenability. It can be oil-hardened even at a diameter of 12mm, with less surface decarburization compared to silicon steels. After heat treatment, it offers better overall mechanical properties than carbon steel. However, it is prone to overheating sensitivity and temper embrittlement. This material is widely used for small flat springs, round springs, seat springs, leaf springs, spring rings, valve springs, clutch reeds, brake springs, and cold-drawn coiled springs.
Compared to No. 65 steel, 65Mn has higher strength, hardness, elasticity, and hardenability. However, it is more sensitive to overheating and may develop cracks when water-quenched. Its formability in the annealed state is acceptable, but its cold deformation plasticity is low, and weldability is poor. It is commonly used for medium-loaded leaf springs, coil springs up to 7–20 mm in diameter, spring washers, and spring rings. Additionally, it is suitable for high-wear components such as grinding machine spindles, spring chucks, precision machine tool screws, cutters, collars on spiral roller bearings, and railway rails.
**Chemical Composition:**
- Carbon (C): 0.62–0.70%
- Silicon (Si): 0.17–0.37%
- Manganese (Mn): 0.90–1.20%
- Sulfur (S): ≤ 0.035%
- Phosphorus (P): ≤ 0.035%
- Chromium (Cr): ≤ 0.25%
- Nickel (Ni): ≤ 0.25%
- Copper (Cu): ≤ 0.25%
**Mechanical Properties:**
- Tensile Strength (σb): ≥ 980 MPa (100 kgf/mm²)
- Yield Strength (σs): ≥ 784 MPa (80 kgf/mm²)
- Elongation (δ10): ≥ 8%
- Reduction of Area (ψ): ≥ 30%
- Hardness: Hot rolled ≤ 302 HB; Cold drawn + heat treated ≤ 321 HB
**Heat Treatment Specifications:**
- Quenching: 830°C ± 20°C, oil-cooled
- Tempering: 540°C ± 50°C (special requirements: ± 30°C)
- Metallographic Structure: Martensite
**Delivery Condition:**
Hot-rolled steel is delivered either in heat-treated or non-heat-treated condition, while cold-drawn steel is delivered in a heat-treated state.
**Supply Specifications:**
- Disk Circle: Φ5.5–16 mm
- Rolled Material: Φ120–150 mm
- Forged Material: Φ160–450 mm
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Editor: Hardware Business Network Information Center
Commercial And Household Glass
There are differences in commercial glass and home glass in multiple aspects:
1. Use
Commercial glass:
-It is mainly used for commercial buildings, such as office buildings, shopping malls, hotels, etc. Its functions often need to meet the specific needs of public spaces. For example, the glass window of large shopping malls requires good display effects and attract customers' attention.
-In some commercial places, such as banks, jewelry shops, etc., glass may need higher security, such as bulletproof and anti -theft.
Home Glass:
-In for family houses, such as windows, doors, furniture, etc. Pay more attention to meeting the needs of family life, such as providing lighting, protecting privacy, and decorating home furnishings. For example, the window glass of the bedroom may choose to have a shading function to ensure sleep quality.
2. Performance requirements
Commercial glass:
-The intensity requirements are high, and can withstand greater traffic and possible external forces. For example, the glass curtain wall of a commercial building needs to withstand the test of natural factors such as wind and rain, wind pressure.
-The optical performance may require higher transparency and uniformity to ensure the brightness and beauty of the business space.
-An sound insulation performance is also very important, especially in hotels, conference rooms and other places, need to reduce interference of external noise.
Home Glass:
-A safety is the key, especially for families with children and the elderly. Safe glass such as tempered glass may be selected to prevent serious damage to people when crushing.
-The insulation performance is also important, which can effectively reduce the energy consumption of the family. For example, double -layer hollow glass can play a better thermal insulation effect.
3. Design characteristics
Commercial glass:
-In large size, to meet the needs of large -scale lighting and open vision of commercial buildings. The design pays more attention to the coordination with the overall style of the building, reflecting the sense of modernity and fashion.
-It special coating technology, such as low -radiation coating glass to reduce energy consumption and ultraviolet radiation.
Home Glass:
-The design is more diverse, and you can choose different colors, patterns and textures according to the family decoration style. For example, art glass can add an artistic atmosphere to home.
-If attention to details and humanized design, such as easy cleaning, convenient installation, etc.
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