Introduction to the cultivation method of columbine:
Breeding and breeding
Propagation by sowing or ramets. Sowing in spring and autumn, sowing seedlings can bloom for about 2 years. The planting seedlings need to be updated once every 3 to 4 years. Cold-resistant, strong-growing, sandy loam that is moist and well drained. It grows better in the semi-shade. Cultivation management: The cockroach is like a cool climate, avoiding high temperature exposure in summer, suitable for growing in sandy loam. Strong and cold-resistant, like sandy loam that is rich in humus, moist and well drained. The ramets or sowing and breeding, sowing and breeding can be carried out in spring and autumn. Before planting, it is necessary to apply sufficient base fertilizer. In the northern part of the country, it is relatively dry in spring. It should be watered 4~5 times a month (depending on the environment to check the dryness of the soil and soil, the number of watering should be increased or decreased according to the environment). In summer, it should be properly shaded or planted in semi-shade. At the place, the growth is more vigorous, avoid water accumulation, and should be drained in time after the rain. Strictly prevent lodging, and at the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the trimming to facilitate ventilation and light transmission. When the seedling grows to a certain height (about 40cm), it is necessary to pick the heart in time to control the height of the plant; after the winter, the base fertilizer should be applied, and the northern area should also be poured with antifreeze water, and the soil should be cultivated at the base of the plant to improve the wintering. Antifreeze ability.
The ramets should be carried out before or after germination in early spring. Sowing is best done immediately after the seeds are matured, sowing seeds should be sparse, and the seedlings should be covered with glass to keep the soil moist and shaded before emergence. After 1 month of emergence. The seedlings are flowering in the year of birth. Fine varieties are usually carried out by the ramets method from March to April or from August to September, but in the autumn. The seedlings can be planted in about 10cm, and the row spacing is 30~40cm. Topdressing should be applied once before flowering. Shading is required in summer. Cold areas need to be covered slightly in winter. After 3 years, the plants are prone to decline, and the ramets should be carried out in time to promote their renewal. Sub-plant breeding: fertilization to the same place as above. Planted in spring and autumn, spring from January to April, autumn from August to December, plant spacing 10 × 13.2 cm, covering soil 1.6 cm, pouring enough root water, keeping the soil moist during growth. During the vigorous growth period, a small amount of urea was applied, and 5 kg of urea per acre was poured with water to promote growth.
Seed propagation: from January to April in spring, and from June to December in autumn, seeds can be sown. In order to adjust the dormancy period of the cat's claw grass, the seed is sown immediately after harvesting. Apply the base fertilizer, finely level the soil, make the seedbed, pour the bottom water, spread the seeds evenly on the seedbed, cover with the triple soil to avoid the seeds. Keep the kneading surface moist, the humidity is too high, causing rotten seeds, and 140 days of emergence. If covered with a film for 60 days to emerge. After emergence, the seedlings are ventilated, the seedling height is 6.6 cm, and the field is transplanted. With the digging, the plant spacing is 10×13.2 cm. After the survival, the topdressing is the same as above.
Landscape use
This kind of flower is petite and exquisite, with bright colors and strong adaptability. It should be planted on the lawn and under the sparse forest. The spring grass is full of small yellow flowers on the grass. It is full of fun, and it should be covered with wet places such as shoals and streams. . Natural planting, flower border, flower bed, rock garden. Excellent garden flowers, beautiful flowers, suitable for flower beds, flower trails, etc., flower branches for cut flowers. Flower language: Must succeed, insist on winning.
Artificial cultivation
Step 1: Seed in a 392-well tray and cover the seeds with vermiculite. The germination temperature is controlled at 21-24 ° C, and it can germinate in 10-14 days. The growth temperature is 18-20 °C. Nitrogen fertilizer at a concentration of 100 ppm is applied once a week. Long days of sunshine that lasts more than 14 hours can be harvested in advance. This phase takes 6-8 weeks.
Step 2: Move the 392-well seedlings into a 50-well or larger plug, keep the growth temperature at 18-20 °C, and take 14 hours of long-day sunshine. A nitrogen fertilizer with a concentration of 200 pp m was applied once a week to maintain a soil pH of 5.8-6.4, and an EC value of 1.0-2.0, 12-15 true leaves began to have flower buds. It takes 8-10 weeks to grow in a 50-hole tray; be careful not to make it root. Under natural conditions (flowering from mid-March to April), seeding was carried out in the 392-hole tray from mid-September to late October, and transplanted to a 50-well tray for 8-10 weeks, and then planted in a 14-16 cm pot. Flowering began 10-12 weeks after planting. Sowing to flowering for about 24-28 weeks. By controlling the length of sunshine to promote growth cultivation (1-3 months of flowering) 7-8 months in the 392 hole tray, to be transplanted to the 50-hole tray 8 weeks after planting in the 14-16 cm pot, the next 5 weeks It is ideal to give natural short daylight and day and night temperatures below 15 °C. After 5 weeks, the number of hours of sunshine should be increased. From 10:00 in the evening to 2:00 in the second morning, artificial light is applied to make the sunshine length 14 hours. It takes about 7-8 weeks to continue to fill the light every day until it blooms. It takes about 26-30 weeks from sowing to harvesting. By controlling the temperature to reach the growth-promoting cultivation (July-November), the seeds were sown in the 392-hole tray from February to May, and after 10 weeks, the 50-hole tray was placed, and it was placed in a bright and cool place, and the length of the sunshine was maintained for 14 hours at a temperature of 5 °C. After 4 weeks, the flowers begin to bloom and can be properly watered. After 4 weeks, the 50-well tray was planted from a cool place in a 14-16 cm pot. It can bloom 4-6 weeks after planting. For the "11" flower, artificial light should be applied from 10:00 in the evening to 2:00 in the morning, to ensure that the length of sunshine is 14 hours, and the daily light is filled until it blooms. It takes about 22-26 weeks from sowing to harvesting. Fertilization: Apply 200-250 pPm of nitrogen fertilizer once a week. Avoid using ammonium nitrogen fertilizer, keep soil ph5.8-6.4, EC value: 1.0-2.0.
Mosaic disease
Symptoms of the whole plant, the leaves are mosaic symptoms, the leaves are shrunken and deformed. The pathogen is caused by cucumber mosaic virus {CMV}. The virion is globular, with a diameter of 35 nanometers, an attenuated temperature of 60-70 ° C, a dilution end point of 1:10000 times, and a in vitro drug-protection period of 3 to 5 days. The tooth decay or juice contact is spread. The host has a wide range. The infection path virus may be transmitted through the aphid and juice friction, so that the disease-free plant can develop disease. Cucumber mosaic virus can be transmitted by aphids and juices, but the field is mainly aphid infection. The seeds cannot be poisoned, and the pollen of the disease plants cannot be carried. Toxic, aphid transmission is non-persistent, the aphid first sucks on the diseased plant for a few minutes, the virus in the juice of the diseased plant is adsorbed into the mouth of the virus, and is directly injected into the plant during the smoking process. The poisonous aphid is mainly Myzus persicae, followed by cotton aphid and cabbage. Control methods: 1. Strengthening cultivation management {1}Scientific fertilization: re-application of organic fertilizer, multi-purpose compound fertilizer, application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, avoiding partial application of nitrogen fertilizer to improve plant nutrient conditions and improve its anti-virus; loose soil is beneficial to plant roots development. 2. Eliminate weeds in the field in time and remove the source of infection. Control mites early and eliminate the transmission of drugs.
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