The design of the bolt includes selecting materials, calculating the bolt diameter and number, and determining the bolt size according to the thread and bolt standards, and finally checking the bolt spacing. Bolt load After the gasket material, type and size are determined, the preload and operation loads are calculated to determine the minimum bolt area required, and the actual bolt area selected should be no less than the required bolt area.
When selecting the bolt diameter, it should not be too small. If the bolt diameter is too small, it is easy to be broken. Generally, the bolt diameter is larger than M12. Moreover, in the case of high temperature and high pressure, especially in the case of pressure fluctuations, full-thread or equal-strength studs should be used.
The design of the flange is carried out by trial calculation. Generally, the standard flange is used as a model to assume the flange cone or flange ring size, and the flange torque and the flange stress are calculated.
If the stress value differs greatly from the corresponding allowable stress, the size of the flange neck or flange ring must be adjusted, and then the calculation process is repeated until the stresses tend to be full stress, so that the strength of the material can be fully utilized. Performance, and can achieve the purpose of flange optimization design. In addition, under the premise of meeting the requirements, the diameter of the center circle of the bolt should be as small as possible; the gasket load should be controlled as much as possible in the gasket design; try to make the stress of the flange full of stress. This can achieve the purpose of flange optimization design.
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