In the past ten years, welding technology has been developed rapidly in various fields of manufacturing engineering in China. Generally speaking, the level of welding technology is mainly reflected in the level of welding equipment and welding materials, and the future high-end welding equipment and high quality. The development of welding materials should receive further attention. The trend of large-scale equipment development is integrated and lightweight. High-energy beam welding and solid-phase welding technology have great advantages in the integration and lightweight development of large-scale equipment manufacturing, and will be developed more rapidly in the future.
Super steel joining technology is currently being studied: low-temperature brazing of thin-plate high-strength steel, detachable high-strength mechanical connection, friction stir welding, ultra-narrow gap small energy pulsed gas metal arc welding. A few years later, when a new generation of steel products with a strength level of 800 to 1500 MPa is promoted, major changes will be made in welding technology. Liu Xuming: Welding of low-alloy high-strength steel is still dominated by SMAW, GMAW, SAW and ESW before new welding methods are produced. At present, from the development of high-strength steel, foreign countries have further improved the manufacturing process based on TMCP through micro-alloy design and control, so as to achieve the purpose of refining crystal grains, thereby obtaining low crack sensitivity and high heat-affected zone toughness. High strength steel.
With the development of high-strength steel, the development trend of welding technology is as follows:
(1) The most practical welding methods for developing high-efficiency multi-wire submerged arc welding, multi-wire gas shielded welding, electroslag welding, etc., are still widely used, and the maximum heat input has reached 1000 kJ/cm. These welding methods are not only efficient, but also control the high temperature residence time of the weld heat affected zone and speed up the cooling time.
(2) Development of welding materials compatible with high-strength steel High-strength steel with excellent cost performance requires the development and application of new micro-alloy high-strength steel for welding materials. If there is no matching welding material, high-strength steel can not be used in a wider range of fields. Start. These welding consumables include: welding wire for large heat input welding, welding wire with excellent trace resistance, low-splashing, high-strength GMAW welding wire, and sintered flux matching high-efficiency multifilament SAW.
(3) Improvement of welding related specifications or standards In recent years, China's material standards for steel structures have been continuously improved, but the standards for welding materials are relatively slow, especially the welding material standards, which cannot meet the needs of the development of the industry. Drawing on the successful experience of foreign countries, the industry boundaries should be broken and further subdivided according to the welding material category and applicability to facilitate user selection and use.
(4) Development and promotion of new welding technology With the development and application of microalloyed high-strength steel and the promotion of large heat input welding technology, new welding technology problems such as HAZ softening are also produced. Therefore, welding process measures, selection of strength matching of base metal and welding consumables, and reasonable control of heat input and interlayer temperature are the focus of future research and development.
(5) Intelligent application of welding intelligent development is the inevitable development of the whole society, especially the welding work with relatively weak labor intensity and environment, which is bound to require more robot replacement. While implementing equipment automation, intelligent control and tracking technology is indispensable. Therefore, inter-professional and cross-industry collaboration and cooperation will become a new industry field.
For more details, please refer to the attachment or the 18th issue of Metalworking Thermal Processing.
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