Geranium Cultivation Guide:
Geraniums are best planted in spring, especially in southern regions. In northern areas, it's recommended to grow them indoors during winter. Most commonly, geraniums are cultivated in pots. When planting directly in the ground, choose a location with good drainage and avoid areas where water tends to collect. The soil should be loose, fertile, and well-draining—sandy loam is ideal. For potted plants, mix humus soil, garden soil, and sand for optimal growth. Before planting, place a piece of tile at the bottom of the pot to improve drainage. Start with a small pot without adding any base fertilizer. After a few weeks, transplant the plant into a larger pot, and add a small amount of compost as a base fertilizer, making sure the roots don't come into direct contact with it.
Light and Temperature:
Geraniums thrive in full sun, but during the hottest part of summer, they should be shaded or moved indoors to avoid direct sunlight. They need at least 4 hours of sunlight daily to ensure continuous blooming. Insufficient light can cause the plant to become leggy and reduce flower bud formation. The ideal temperature range for growth is 16–24°C. Geraniums grow most vigorously in spring and autumn. During winter, keep the greenhouse temperature around 15°C during the day and above 8°C at night, ensuring enough light to support growth and flowering.
Watering and Fertilizing:
During the growing season, maintain consistent watering and fertilize regularly. Apply a diluted liquid fertilizer 2–3 times a month. Once flower buds begin to form, increase phosphorus and potassium content. Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Overwatering can lead to root rot, while under-watering may cause yellowing and dropping of leaves, affecting both growth and appearance. Water according to the "no overwatering" principle, especially during summer when the plant enters dormancy. At this time, reduce watering and stop fertilizing.
Pruning:
To achieve a full and compact shape, start pruning from the seedling stage. When the plant reaches about 10 cm in height, pinch off the central shoot to encourage new branches. Continue pinching the tips of new branches 1–2 times until the desired shape is achieved. Flowers typically bloom at the top of the branches. After each flowering, remove spent blooms promptly to promote new growth and more flowers. Prune geraniums three times a year: once in early spring to remove sparse branches, again in late spring to cut back faded flowers and overgrown stems, and finally in fall for shaping and maintenance.
Geraniums are popular in home gardens and are also widely used in flower beds and walkways due to their fast growth. Annual pruning helps maintain their health and appearance. Regular trimming not only enhances their visual appeal but also promotes better flowering and structure.
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