Abstract: In response to the challenges of desizing high-density fabrics, this study was conducted based on the mechanism of fabric desizing. A desizing agent called LLC, composed mainly of oxidants, alkalis, and salts, was developed. The process parameters were analyzed and optimized using DPS software. Experimental results demonstrated that the desizing effect is excellent, with minimal damage to the fabric, making it suitable for widespread application in industrial production.
Keywords: high density fabric; desizing agent LLC; process; research
1. Introduction
Textiles are essential in daily life, and as living standards continue to rise, so do the demands for quality and performance. High-density fabrics have become increasingly popular due to their superior properties. While significant research has been done on printing and dyeing techniques for such fabrics, desizing remains a less explored area. The effectiveness of desizing directly impacts the final product quality, making it an important step in textile processing.
Currently, many studies focus on desizing processes for general fabrics, with ongoing efforts to develop new techniques. However, for high-density fabrics, the tight structure makes it difficult to remove the sizing agents completely, which can affect the quality of the printed or dyed fabric. To address this issue, this research focused on the desizing mechanism and utilized a self-made desizing agent, LLC, which contains oxidants, alkalis, and salts. It was compared with a commercial desizing agent, DS, through experiments on 310T high-density polyester fabric. The goal was to evaluate the desizing efficiency and quality of the compound agent LLC, optimize its process parameters, and provide a technical reference for the production of high-density polyester fabrics in the textile industry.
2. Experimental Materials and Methods
2.1 Experimental Materials
The materials used included 310T high-density polyester fabric (provided by a printing and dyeing factory in Suzhou), solid desizing agent LLC (a homemade compound containing oxidants, alkalis, and salts), and solid desizing agent DS (commercially available). Other equipment included a HD101A thermoelectric oven, an AY-120 electronic balance, and an HD026+ electronic fabric strength tester.
2.2 Experimental Methods
The desizing process involved fabric desizing, followed by water washing and drying. The bath ratio was set at 1:20, with two washes at 80°C and one at room temperature. Drying was carried out at 95°C for 60 minutes. Desizing rate was calculated using the formula:
Desizing Rate = [(Weight before desizing - Weight after desizing) / Weight before desizing] × 100%.
3. Experimental Results and Analysis
3.1 Orthogonal Analysis of Desizing Rate
Based on the desizing mechanism, the slurry on the fabric can be removed under alkaline conditions or through oxidation. The desizing agent LLC, which includes oxidants, alkalis, and salts, was tested against the commercial agent DS. An orthogonal test was conducted to evaluate the impact of various factors on the desizing rate of 310T polyester fabric.
From the data, it was found that the desizing agent LLC achieved the highest desizing rate at a concentration of 2.0 g/L, pH 9.5, temperature 95°C, and time 40 minutes. Meanwhile, the commercial agent DS performed best at 1.0 g/L, pH 10.5, 85°C, and 40 minutes. The LLC agent showed a slightly better desizing effect.
3.2 Data Analysis of Desizing Agent LLC
Using DPS software, the mean and range of each factor affecting the desizing rate of LLC were analyzed. The results indicated that mass concentration had the greatest influence, followed by the interaction between concentration and pH, then pH itself, with temperature having the least impact. Based on these findings, the optimal process for LLC was determined as: 2g/L, pH 9.5, 85°C, 40 minutes.
3.3 Data Analysis of Desizing Agent DS
Similarly, the data for DS were analyzed, showing that the interaction between concentration and pH had the most significant effect, followed by concentration, time, and temperature. The optimal process for DS was found to be: 1g/L, pH 10.5, 85°C, 40 minutes.
3.4 Additional Testing
3.4.1 Residual Slurry Detection
After dyeing with cationic dyes, fabrics treated with both LLC and DS showed little coloration, indicating effective desizing. However, the fabric treated with LLC showed better results, suggesting a higher desizing efficiency.
3.4.2 Strength Damage Test
The tensile strength of the fabric was measured before and after desizing. Both agents caused less than 3% loss in warp and weft strength, within acceptable limits, confirming the safety of the process.
4. Conclusion
(1) Both the compound desizing agent LLC and the commercial agent DS performed well, with LLC showing a slight advantage. It is suitable for both general and high-density fabric desizing.
(2) The optimal desizing process for LLC is 2g/L, pH 9.5, 85°C, 40 minutes.
(3) Further improvement in desizing efficiency can be achieved by increasing the dosage or adjusting the interaction between concentration and pH.
Needle Bearing,Flat Needle Roller Bearing,Needle Roller Bearings,Sealed Needle Roller Bearing
Shanghai Yi Kai Cheng bearing Co., LTD , https://www.ykchbearing.com