Chemical Composition and Data Characteristics of Bearing Materials
Source: Bearing Network | Date: May 24, 2013
Bearing materials play a crucial role in the performance, durability, and reliability of bearings. The inner ring and rolling elements (such as steel balls) are typically made from bearing steel that undergoes vacuum heat treatment. In many cases, SUJ2 is used, which corresponds to GCr15, a common high-carbon chromium steel in China. This material is widely standardized globally, with equivalents such as AISI 52100 in the U.S., DIN 100Cr6 in Germany, and BS 535A99 in the UK. Using these materials can enhance the bearing’s torque efficiency, reduce noise, and increase its service life. However, in humid or high-temperature environments, it's recommended to use martensitic stainless steel for better performance. Chemical Composition
**Rolling Bearing Steel: GCr15**
According to GB/T 18254-2000 "High Carbon Chromium Bearing Steel," the chemical composition of GCr15 is as follows:
| Designation | Trademark | Chemical Composition (%) | |||
| B00150 | GCr15 | C | Si | Mn | Cr |
| 0.95–1.05 | 0.15–0.35 | 0.25–0.45 | 1.4–1.65 | ||
|
Notes:
1. The residual copper content (melting analysis) should not exceed 0.20%. 2. Oxygen content is determined on steel billets or ingots. 3. Sulfur content in wire rod (melting analysis) should be no more than 0.020%. |
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As per GB 1220-92 "Stainless Steel Rod," the chemical composition of 1Cr18Ni9 is as follows:
| Trademark | Chemical Composition (%) | |||||||
| 1Cr18Ni9 | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Ni | Cr | Mo |
| ≤0.15 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.030 | 8.00–10.00 | 17.00–19.00 | - | |
According to GB 3086-82 "High Carbon Chromium Stainless Bearing Steel," the chemical composition of 9Cr18 is as follows:
| Trademark | Chemical Composition (%) | ||||||
| 9Cr18 | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo |
| Not greater than | |||||||
| 0.90–1.00 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.035 | 0.03 | 17.00–19.00 | - | |
| Material | Inner and Outer Ring, Ball | Bearing Steel | Stainless Steel | |
| Persistence | Cold Rolled Steel Strip (SPCC BQB402), Stainless Steel Sheet (1Cr18) | Polyamide (Nylon 66), etc. | Stainless Steel Plate, Polyamide, etc. | |
| Dust Cover | Cold Rolled Steel Strip (SPCC BQB402), Stainless Steel Sheet (1Cr18) | Stainless Steel Plate | ||
| Seal Ring | Rubber (NBR, Viton) + Skeleton (SPCC BQB402), PTFE (Teflon) | NBR+SPCC BQB402, Teflon, etc. | ||
| Characteristic | Operating Temperature | Below 120°C | Below 300°C | |
| Extra Dynamic Load | High | About 80% of bearing steel | ||
| Additional Static Load | High | About 80% of bearing steel | ||
| Friction Torque | Low | High | ||
| Application | Ordinary use. High precision | High speed | Corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance | |
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