Plastics are very common in people's lives, from electronic devices to parcels and vehicles, and waste plastics after use are very difficult to decompose and usually do not rot for hundreds of years. When they are burned, chemicals may enter the environment in the air. It produces toxic substances. Recently, researchers at North Dakota State University (NDSU) in the United States have developed a new type of plastic that can degrade reduced molecules in special light. These molecules can also be used to produce new plastics again. Related papers were published in the recently published "Applied Chemistry".
The research team made a molecular solution of fructose in fruit and then converted it into plastic (polymer). According to a recently reported physicist's organization network, exposing the plastic to ultraviolet light at 350 nanometers for three hours will completely decompose it into its original soluble molecules.
“The real sustainable use includes decomposing the material into the basic material that constitutes it. We have demonstrated that it can be decomposed into the basic material and regenerate the polymer,†said Mukunde Spey of the school’s Sustainable Materials Science Center. . They use the oil seeds, cellulose, lignin, and sucrose in the crop to produce the basic molecules of the plastic, and then synthesize the basic molecules into polymer molecules and eventually form the plastic.
"This 'cradle-to-cradle' approach brings a new plastic that can be easily degraded and also provides scientific possibilities for people to reduce their dependence on fossil fuels and reduce their raw materials when producing end products." Dean Webster, Professor of Coatings and Polymer Materials, said.
"Our strategy has the potential to use biomass to create new materials that are degraded by light after use and reduce the pressure of harmful chemicals in the environment," said Sivaguru Jeraman.
The school has established the Center for Sustainable Materials Science in conjunction with the North Dakota Experimental Project Incentive Competition Study (ND EPSCoR). Several experimental teams have used biomass and renewable resources to produce polymers and blends. Spey's lab is responsible for making monomeric and bio-based triggers, and the Silvaguru team specializes in photochemical science and photodegradation. Webster's team is studying polymer chemistry. "Through teamwork, we can complete this research. We need everyone's expertise to solve this problem." Spey said.
The researchers also pointed out that before the commercialization of this biomass-derived plastic into a product, further research is needed to evaluate its durability and strength. "What is the best trigger for breaking down plastic? What is the best monomer? What is the best polymer we can make?" Spey said. In the next two years, they will also use this plastic in automobiles, electronic equipment and other equipment to test their performance. (Chang Lijun)
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