Most of the vegetable diseases are spread by seeds, fungi, bacteria, mycelium, conidia, and viruses in and out of the seeds, and the sclerotia is mixed in the seeds. Seed disinfection can kill bacteria, make the virus inactive, effectively prevent the occurrence of diseases, and can increase seed germination rate and germination potential, and enhance seedling resistance. Seed disinfection is one of the most important, most effective, most convenient and most economical vegetable disease control measures.
I. Seed disinfection method for fungal diseases 1. Wentang soaking seeds vary in water temperature and soaking time due to different types of vegetables. Melon and solanaceous seeds are soaked in warm water at 55 ° C for 15 minutes to 20 minutes. The celery seeds were soaked in warm water at 48 ° C for 30 minutes. The bean seeds were soaked in warm water at 45 ° C for 10 minutes. Green onions and onion seeds were soaked in warm water at 50 ° C for 25 minutes.
2. Infusion of the drug 140% formaldehyde (formalin) 100 times solution soaked for 30 minutes.
250% carbendazim 500 times solution soaked for 1 hour.
Soak the seeds with 372% Plex water 800 times for 30 minutes.
Soaking seeds for 450 hours with 450% dasenium 500 times.
536% polysulfurate suspension was soaked in 500 times for 24 hours.
6 imidazole hydrochloride 500 times solution soaked for 1 hour.
7 Tomato early blight seeds were soaked for 3 hours to 4 hours, then transferred to 0.3% ~ 0.4% copper sulfate solution for 5 minutes; pepper blight, anthracnose was soaked with 1% copper sulfate solution for 30 minutes.
8 Cucumber wilt is soaked with 2% to 3% bleach solution for 30 minutes to 60 minutes.
9 Bean Fusarium wilt was soaked for 30 minutes with 60% anti-mildew ultra-fine powder 600 times solution.
(10) Scallion and onion purple spot disease are soaked for 20 minutes with 0.1% to 0.2% potassium permanganate solution; melon wilt is soaked with 0.1% to 0.2% potassium permanganate solution for 30 minutes to 60 minutes.
(11) Cucumber sclerotinia disease is washed with 10% saline to remove sclerotia.
3. Chemical dressing 1 Cucumber disease, cabbage, radish, spinach downy mildew, seed dressing with 50% Fumei double wettable powder with 0.3% weight of seeds.
2 Cucumber black shank disease, seed dressing with 50% carbendazim WP of 0.3% of seed weight.
3 Spinach downy mildew, seed dressing with 25% metalaxyl WP of 0.3% to 0.4% of seed weight.
4 melon fungal disease, can be seeded with green seed No. 2 wettable powder with a seed weight of 0.4% to 0.5%.
5 Chinese cabbage black spot disease, seed dressing with 0.2% to 0.3% of the weight of the seed or 50% speed.
Second, the bacterial disinfection of the seed disease method 1. Warm soup soaked melon seeds soaked in 55 ° C warm water for 20 minutes. Cabbage, broccoli and radish seeds were soaked in warm water at 50 ° C for 20 minutes. Kidney bean seeds were soaked in warm water at 45 ° C for 15 minutes. Pepper seeds were soaked in warm water at 55 ° C for 30 minutes.
2. Chemical soaking seeds 1 Cucumber, cabbage, and broccoli seeds were soaked for 2 hours with 72% agricultural streptomycin 1000 times solution.
2 Bean seeds were soaked in 500 times with streptomycin sulfate for 24 hours.
3 Pepper seeds were soaked for 5 minutes with 1% copper sulfate solution.
4 The radish seeds are soaked with a 45% Dyson zinc water solution 1000 times for 15 minutes to 20 minutes; 75% agricultural streptomycin 1000 times solution can also be used for soaking for 2 hours.
3. Chemical dressing 1 Cucumber, cabbage, broccoli and radish seeds are seeded with 50% Fumei double wettable powder with 0.4% weight of seeds; radish seeds can also be seeded with 35% metalaxyl seed dressing with 0.3% seed weight.
2 Capsicum seeds were seeded with 50% diclosanone powder with a seed weight of 0.3%.
3 Bean Bacterial Blight is seeded with 50% Fumex WP or 70% ceke pine powder with a seed weight of 0.3%.
Third, the virus disease seed disinfection method 1. Warm soup soaking seeds with 60 ° C ~ 62 ° C warm water soak for 10 minutes.
2. The seeds were soaked in a 10% trisodium phosphate solution for 20 minutes.
3. Drying treatment The seeds were placed under dry heat conditions of 70 ° C (such as a constant temperature drying oven) for 72 hours.
Fourth, matters needing attention 1. Warm soaking seeds should be constantly stirred to make the seeds evenly heated. At the same time, according to the requirements of different water temperatures, hot water is continuously added to ensure that the required temperature is maintained within the specified time, and the water temperature cannot be lowered. The seeds should be mixed evenly so that each seed is contaminated with pesticides.
2. The seeds after soaking in the warm soup can be soaked in the cooled water according to the needs of different vegetable seeds for soaking time, or the germination can be taken out, or directly sown after drying.
3. Soaking seeds and seed dressings, the concentration and dosage of the pesticides must be in accordance with the standards, the concentration should not be too high, and the dose should not be increased.
4. After soaking the seeds, rinse the seeds with water to remove the pesticides on the seeds to avoid phytotoxicity after sowing, affecting seed germination and seedling growth.
I. Seed disinfection method for fungal diseases 1. Wentang soaking seeds vary in water temperature and soaking time due to different types of vegetables. Melon and solanaceous seeds are soaked in warm water at 55 ° C for 15 minutes to 20 minutes. The celery seeds were soaked in warm water at 48 ° C for 30 minutes. The bean seeds were soaked in warm water at 45 ° C for 10 minutes. Green onions and onion seeds were soaked in warm water at 50 ° C for 25 minutes.
2. Infusion of the drug 140% formaldehyde (formalin) 100 times solution soaked for 30 minutes.
250% carbendazim 500 times solution soaked for 1 hour.
Soak the seeds with 372% Plex water 800 times for 30 minutes.
Soaking seeds for 450 hours with 450% dasenium 500 times.
536% polysulfurate suspension was soaked in 500 times for 24 hours.
6 imidazole hydrochloride 500 times solution soaked for 1 hour.
7 Tomato early blight seeds were soaked for 3 hours to 4 hours, then transferred to 0.3% ~ 0.4% copper sulfate solution for 5 minutes; pepper blight, anthracnose was soaked with 1% copper sulfate solution for 30 minutes.
8 Cucumber wilt is soaked with 2% to 3% bleach solution for 30 minutes to 60 minutes.
9 Bean Fusarium wilt was soaked for 30 minutes with 60% anti-mildew ultra-fine powder 600 times solution.
(10) Scallion and onion purple spot disease are soaked for 20 minutes with 0.1% to 0.2% potassium permanganate solution; melon wilt is soaked with 0.1% to 0.2% potassium permanganate solution for 30 minutes to 60 minutes.
(11) Cucumber sclerotinia disease is washed with 10% saline to remove sclerotia.
3. Chemical dressing 1 Cucumber disease, cabbage, radish, spinach downy mildew, seed dressing with 50% Fumei double wettable powder with 0.3% weight of seeds.
2 Cucumber black shank disease, seed dressing with 50% carbendazim WP of 0.3% of seed weight.
3 Spinach downy mildew, seed dressing with 25% metalaxyl WP of 0.3% to 0.4% of seed weight.
4 melon fungal disease, can be seeded with green seed No. 2 wettable powder with a seed weight of 0.4% to 0.5%.
5 Chinese cabbage black spot disease, seed dressing with 0.2% to 0.3% of the weight of the seed or 50% speed.
Second, the bacterial disinfection of the seed disease method 1. Warm soup soaked melon seeds soaked in 55 ° C warm water for 20 minutes. Cabbage, broccoli and radish seeds were soaked in warm water at 50 ° C for 20 minutes. Kidney bean seeds were soaked in warm water at 45 ° C for 15 minutes. Pepper seeds were soaked in warm water at 55 ° C for 30 minutes.
2. Chemical soaking seeds 1 Cucumber, cabbage, and broccoli seeds were soaked for 2 hours with 72% agricultural streptomycin 1000 times solution.
2 Bean seeds were soaked in 500 times with streptomycin sulfate for 24 hours.
3 Pepper seeds were soaked for 5 minutes with 1% copper sulfate solution.
4 The radish seeds are soaked with a 45% Dyson zinc water solution 1000 times for 15 minutes to 20 minutes; 75% agricultural streptomycin 1000 times solution can also be used for soaking for 2 hours.
3. Chemical dressing 1 Cucumber, cabbage, broccoli and radish seeds are seeded with 50% Fumei double wettable powder with 0.4% weight of seeds; radish seeds can also be seeded with 35% metalaxyl seed dressing with 0.3% seed weight.
2 Capsicum seeds were seeded with 50% diclosanone powder with a seed weight of 0.3%.
3 Bean Bacterial Blight is seeded with 50% Fumex WP or 70% ceke pine powder with a seed weight of 0.3%.
Third, the virus disease seed disinfection method 1. Warm soup soaking seeds with 60 ° C ~ 62 ° C warm water soak for 10 minutes.
2. The seeds were soaked in a 10% trisodium phosphate solution for 20 minutes.
3. Drying treatment The seeds were placed under dry heat conditions of 70 ° C (such as a constant temperature drying oven) for 72 hours.
Fourth, matters needing attention 1. Warm soaking seeds should be constantly stirred to make the seeds evenly heated. At the same time, according to the requirements of different water temperatures, hot water is continuously added to ensure that the required temperature is maintained within the specified time, and the water temperature cannot be lowered. The seeds should be mixed evenly so that each seed is contaminated with pesticides.
2. The seeds after soaking in the warm soup can be soaked in the cooled water according to the needs of different vegetable seeds for soaking time, or the germination can be taken out, or directly sown after drying.
3. Soaking seeds and seed dressings, the concentration and dosage of the pesticides must be in accordance with the standards, the concentration should not be too high, and the dose should not be increased.
4. After soaking the seeds, rinse the seeds with water to remove the pesticides on the seeds to avoid phytotoxicity after sowing, affecting seed germination and seedling growth.
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