Furniture is the product of human civilization and human life practice. It is constantly developing with the development of human civilization and social progress. There are many ways to classify furniture. They can be divided into solid wood, panel, metal, soft, bamboo and rattan, plastic and mixed materials furniture, etc .; according to the structure, they can be divided into frame, panel, combined disassembly and assembly, and curved wooden furniture; The functions can be divided into sitting and lying furniture, such as chairs, stools, beds, etc. By leaning on furniture, such as tables and tables. Storage furniture, such as cabinets and boxes. Space furniture, such as screens, etc. In addition, it can also be classified according to history, region, style, etc., such as Gothic furniture and Ming furniture. As far as furniture industry production is concerned, materials are generally classified.
1. Metal furniture
The main component is metal furniture . Metal furniture is strong and durable, with a wide range of materials and stable performance, suitable for mechanized mass production. However, metal furniture feels cold and heavy, and some metal surface materials are prone to oxidative corrosion due to improper treatment.
1. Materials The commonly used materials are steel, aluminum alloy, etc., and brass, bronze, magnesium, etc. are also used in some special occasions.
2. Joining methods There are mainly two kinds of welding and mechanical joining. Welding includes gas welding, arc welding, spot welding and energy storage welding. Mechanical joining is used for fixed structure parts or movable structures, disassembly and assembly parts that are not easy to weld. There are rivet joint, screw joint, pin joint, snap joint and so on.
3. Structure Common types are fixed, disassembly, folding and plug-in.
4. Process flow According to the materials and structure used, different equipment, tools and processing methods can be used.
Second, wooden furniture
Furniture made of natural wood or wood-based panels. The manufacturing process of furniture made of solid wood is more complicated. Because the moisture content of wood is not easy to control, it is easier to deform and crack, and it cannot be disassembled and assembled. It is difficult to adapt to the rapid changes in the pace of modern life. In the early 20th century, artificial wood panels with good stability began to replace solid wood panels, mainly to improve the utilization rate of natural wood, and at the same time to meet people's diverse needs for furniture styles, the disadvantage is the presence of formaldehyde. As a result, wooden furniture of various forms and structures appeared on the market.
1, the main material for wood and wood-based panels.
2, the common engagement with a tongue engaging engagement, the engagement nails, wood screws engaging, glue binding, bonding or the like connecting member.
3, the basic structure is a frame, plate, curved and combinations demountable wooden four structures.
4, process wood furniture production process due to the frame, plate and bentwood style three structures vary.
3. Bamboo and rattan furniture
Bamboo and rattan furniture has the characteristics of elegant color, clean and cool, light and flexible. Whether it is placed indoors or in the garden, it can give people a rich rustic flavor and light taste. Bamboo is tough and elastic, has strong bending resistance, and is not easy to break. Tensile and compressive strength are superior to wood; rattan is extremely soft when saturated with moisture, and is particularly tough after drying. Therefore, people gradually evolved from simple bamboo furniture to a combination of bamboo and rattan in order to give play to their respective strengths.
1. Materials There are mainly two types of support materials and braided materials. â‘ Bracket material: mainly made of bamboo, but also made of steel pipe, rattan, wicker, plastic, etc. â‘¡ Woven material: mainly rattan material.
2. Structure The structure of bamboo and rattan furniture mainly depends on the composition of materials. It is divided into bamboo furniture, rattan furniture, and rattan bamboo furniture, as well as furniture made of steel pipes, rattan, wicker, plastic, etc., and external rattan skin, plastic and other furniture that is entangled and woven.
3. Manufacturing process Mainly is the manufacture of the support and the weaving of the weave. The bracket is made of bamboo, and its bending can be done by two methods: roasting and sawing. The basic method of weaving the weave on the support with rattan skin is picking, covering and wrapping.
4. Upholstered furniture
Upholstered furniture is mainly made of elastic materials and soft materials, such as sofas, mattresses and other sitting and lying furniture. Upholstered furniture can increase the contact surface between the furniture and the human body, reduce the pressure on the human body per unit area, and can avoid or reduce the soreness caused by excessive concentration of pressure in certain parts of the human body.
1. Materials The special materials required for soft furniture include: elastic materials including springs; soft materials including brown silk, cotton, latex sponge, polyurethane foam, foamed polystyrene, etc .; knotting materials include stretch ropes, bandages, and yarns , Linen, etc .; decorative fabrics and ornaments include cotton, wool, chemical fiber fabrics, artificial leather, cowhide, sheepskin, lacquer foam nails, inlaid thread, etc.
2. Production process Mainly the production of sofas and mattresses. In addition to the one-time foam molding process, the traditional sofa manufacturing process uses bow springs (snake springs) or coil springs. The mattress can be made mechanically or manually.
5. Plastic furniture
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Plastic furniture is light in weight and high in strength. Due to its strong anti-corrosion ability, it is not afraid of moisture and water immersion, so it has a wide range of applications; poor thermal conductivity of plastic makes the furniture feel warm; plastic has good coloring properties, and can be added directly to the raw materials. It is a kind of pigment, which does not need to be surface-finished after being made into furniture; the plastic molding process is simple, and products with complex shapes can be copied at once by injection, molding, extrusion, etc. The production efficiency is high for wood and metal materials Unmatched by processing, suitable for mass production. However, the plastic has poor heat resistance and is easy to burn; under certain load, it is easy to deform slowly; under the long-term effect of sunlight and air, it will cause aging, etc .; the one-time investment in the production of plastic furniture is high, which is not suitable for the production of small batches and many Variety of products.
6. Mixed material furniture
The main components are furniture made of more than two materials. Common are wood and metal, wood and plastic, wood and glass, etc. The processing process is based on the characteristics of various materials and has its own dedicated equipment and tools, so generally only a small amount of several materials are used for mixing.
(Source: Interactive Encyclopedia Editor: Peter)
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