The Ming Dynasty has two meanings, broad and narrow. Generalized Ming-style furniture, focusing on the word "style", regardless of when it was made in the Ming Dynasty or after the Ming Dynasty, regardless of precious materials and general materials, as long as it has the Ming Dynasty furniture style, it is called "Ming style furniture". In a narrow sense, it refers to furniture with beautiful materials and beautiful shapes from the early period to the early Qing Dynasty. Understanding and mastering the style characteristics of furniture in the Ming Dynasty is a necessary condition for us to appreciate and identify furniture. The style characteristics of furniture in the Ming Dynasty , detailed analysis has the following four points:
The first point, simple shape, mainly line
Strict proportional relationship is the basis of furniture modeling in Ming Dynasty . The proportion of its parts to parts, the proportion of decoration to the overall form, are extremely well-proportioned and harmonious. Furniture, such as chairs and tables, between their upper and lower parts, between their legs, weights, backrests, and brains, their height, length, thickness, width, and width make people feel impeccably well-balanced and coordinated. And it is very consistent with the functional requirements, no unnecessary cumbersome, the overall feeling is a combination of lines. The lines of its various parts are in a trend of upright beauty. The combination of rigidity and softness, the lines are firm but not stiff, soft but not weak, showing simple, simple, elegant and generous beauty.
Second, strict structure and fine workmanship
The mortise and tenon structure of furniture of the Ming Dynasty was extremely scientific. No need for nails and less glue, not affected by the dampness or dryness of natural conditions, the production uses the edge (the method is to put the "heart board" into the frame with a through groove formed by a 45 ° lattice tenon) Etc. Between the parts with larger spans, inlaid with dental plates, dental strips, and rims (furniture vertical and horizontal materials are formed into a box, four ribs are installed to form a complete circumferential decoration, called "circle Mouth.), Coupons (in the frame formed by furniture vertical and horizontal materials, three long, left and right teeth are often installed to change the space in the frame. "Yazi".), Dwarf elder, tyrant aurantium, Luoguo 枨, card flower, etc., not only beautiful, but also strengthen the firmness. The structural design of the Ming Dynasty furniture is an excellent combination of science and art. Today, after hundreds of years of changes, the furniture is still as strong as ever. It can be seen that the mortise and tenon structure of the furniture of the Ming Dynasty is highly scientific.
Third, the wood is hard and the texture is beautiful
The wood texture of the furniture of the Ming Dynasty was naturally beautiful, showing the image of feathers, animal faces and other knees, which caused endless reverie. Making full use of the advantages of wood texture and giving full play to the natural beauty of hardwood materials, this is another outstanding feature of Ming Dynasty hardwood furniture. Most of the hardwood furniture materials of the Ming Dynasty were Huanghuali, Red Sandalwood, and Chicken Wing Wood. These high-grade hardwoods have the natural beauty of tone and texture. In addition to fine workmanship, craftsmen do not add lacquer decoration or large-scale decoration at the same time, give full play to and make full use of the color and texture of the wood itself to form their own unique aesthetic taste and form their own unique style. This is another characteristic of Ming Dynasty furniture.
Fourth, the decoration is moderate and the complexity is simple
The decoration techniques of furniture in the Ming Dynasty can be said to be diverse, and the techniques of carving, carving, embedding, and painting are all used. The decorative materials are also very wide, such as enamel, Luodian, ivory, jade, etc. However, they are never greedy for more piles or sculpting, but rather make appropriate local decorations according to the overall requirements. For example, a small area of ​​openwork or inlay is made on the back of the chair, and dwarf or clip flowers are applied to the part of the table case. Although it has been decorated, the overall appearance is still simple and elegant; it is suitable for decent and icing on the cake.
The style characteristics of the furniture of the Ming Dynasty can be summarized by summarizing the simple sentence, rigorous structure, beautiful texture and moderate decoration. The above four sentences can also be said that the four characteristics do not exist in isolation, but are related to each other and together constitute the style characteristics of the furniture of the Ming Dynasty.
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