When talking about water pollution, air pollution, and soil pollution, we can give many examples, but when it comes to light pollution, many people are puzzled. In fact, with the continuous development and utilization of light in modern society, light has brought some negative effects while benefiting mankind. The harm of light pollution is around us.
"Light" causes trouble to the eyes
Xie Meifen worked in the ophthalmology department of Xiangtan Central Hospital for more than 20 years. Recently, a pair of mothers who came to see her doctor impressed her, because both mother and child had problems in their eyes. The mother mainly relies on excessive eye strain, but the child is only in his 10s. Usually watching TV and reading books are also paying attention to eye hygiene. Why is there a problem with vision? Later, the mother recalled that she was afraid of children when she bathed her son in winter. Cold, often open two Yuba to warm his son, but I don't know, it is the strong light of Yuba that burns the child's eyes.
Dr. Xie Meifen told us that under the exposure of excessive light, the extra light entering the eye is beyond the normal contraction of the pupil to block the light. The long-term exposure will greatly damage the eyes. In addition to visible light, the light also contains ultraviolet rays, infrared rays, rays, etc., and these lights can also cause damage to the eyes. Because children's eyes are more fragile and more sensitive to light perception, they are more vulnerable.
The damage caused by strong light to the eyes mainly includes macular degeneration, refractive error, glaucoma, and cataract. Older people with high-altitude high-altitude areas are more likely to develop cataracts, which is the most typical example of light pollution.
Light pollution is harmful
Recently, Ms. Xie, who lives in Panlong Mingfu, told us that the window of her bedroom is facing a large LED advertising screen of a hotel. But recently, the display light was on for a whole night. After the curtains were pulled, the whole room was still bright, which made Ms. Xie’s sleep quality seriously degrade. After she searched the Internet, she discovered that she was in a "light pollution" environment.
The Metrology Bureau of the Municipal Quality Supervision Bureau is responsible for calibrating optical instruments (such as laser instruments, X-rays, illuminance meters, etc.) of some units. Peng Jiwen, the head of the department, told us that the unreasonable use of light will bring light pollution. The reflection of glare on the glass curtain wall is caused by “white bright pollutionâ€. The night illumination with excessive brightness is “artificial white enamelâ€; the colored light source in entertainment places constitutes “color light pollutionâ€, except for the impact on human eyes, work and skin, etc. It can also cause other hazards.
According to experts from the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, nighttime lights can disturb the physiological rhythm of plants and hinder their normal development, growth and reproduction. In particular, light-sensitive plants such as weeping willows suffer from long-term nighttime illumination, and the stems of the leaves will be diseased and dead; the refracted light generated by the reflection of the glass curtain wall in urban buildings can cause dizziness, temporary blindness, and occasionally Causing a traffic accident. Due to the multi-glazed porcelain surface of the city, the sunlight in the city is difficult to be absorbed, which has become one of the reasons for the “heat island effectâ€.
Light pollution is easily ignored by the public
We learned from the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau that in recent years, the environmental protection hotline has also received complaints about light pollution, but compared with pollution complaints such as water, gas, sound and solid waste, complaints about light pollution are obviously “coldâ€. Only a few of the thousands of complaints throughout the year. The complainants mainly lived near the prosperous areas of the construction junctions and infrastructure camps. The reason for the complaints was mainly because the large LED advertising screens in the shopping malls were too bright and affected the night break.
We interviewed a number of people at random and found that they did not know much about light pollution. Dr. Fu Sang of the General Hospital of the Central Hospital said that light pollution does bring a lot of health problems, such as dry eyes, swelling and even pain, but also affects sleep and normal life, causing disorder of hormone secretion in the human body. But few citizens associate these symptoms with light pollution.
Fu Sang tells us that in fact many of the hazards of light pollution can be avoided, we can take effective protective measures. If you install thick curtains and wear reliable polarizers when you go out, try to reduce the impact of light pollution on life and health.
Departmental supervision needs to be improved
Many of the hazards of light pollution are difficult to solve by the people alone. Therefore, it is very important to strengthen departmental supervision.
The person in charge of the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau Law Xuanke told us that the Environmental Protection Law lacks clear regulations on the prevention and control of light pollution, so even if they receive relevant complaints, it is difficult to deal with them effectively. He said that local light pollution may also be controlled by limiting and removing light sources, but to comprehensively prevent light pollution, local improvement and overall planning are required.
The staff of the Municipal Environmental Protection Monitoring Station suggested that it is possible to consider building a light pollution monitoring platform in the future, regularly assessing the sky brightness, ground brightness, and illuminance in different areas of the city, recording the progress of urban light environment development, and conducting light pollution based on standards and specifications. control. At the same time, the legislative work of light pollution needs to be based on the improvement of the light pollution assessment system. With the evaluation and judgment of the severity of light pollution, it can provide sufficient operational basis for legislation.
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What should I do if I have a light pollution dispute?
In real life, people are troubled by light pollution but don't know how to deal with it. The reason why many people encounter such problems is not at all suitable, mainly because the propaganda and popularization of the law is not deep enough.
Although there is no specific light pollution law at present, we can find solutions to common light nuisance incidents from existing laws and regulations. Legally, the damage caused by light pollution is called “light nuisanceâ€, which is a kind of harm caused by the release of light energy. As for the application of laws on light pollution disputes, relevant evidence can be found in China's current Property Law and the General Principles of Civil Law. Among them, the "Property Law" stipulates the neighboring relationship of real estate and the handling of pollution disputes, and the "General Principles of Civil Law" clearly stipulates the "right to light". The identification and punishment of the light nuisance can be handled in the light of the relevant provisions of the neighboring right and the right to illuminate.
Since the current pollution law does not introduce specific regulations for the prevention and control of light pollution, when the judicial authorities deal with water pollution and air pollution cases, they are also resolved according to the principle of “adjacent nuisanceâ€, which is also applicable to light pollution. As for the determination of the degree of infringement, the public can also collect evidence by referring to the relevant provisions on the right to light, such as the Property Law, and measure the degree of infringement.
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