Common Equipment Used in Bearing Ring Casting (Part 1)

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In the casting process of bearing rings, several key pieces of equipment are commonly used. These include air hammers, crank presses, expansion machines, and casting furnaces. Each plays a crucial role in shaping and forming the bearing rings according to specific requirements. 1. **Air Hammer** An air hammer is a mechanical device that consists of a piston, hammer, anvil, motor, pulley, crankshaft, and various cylinders. The crankshaft converts rotational motion into linear motion, causing air pressure changes within the working cylinder. This movement controls the hammer's up-and-down action, allowing it to shape metal parts through repeated impacts. It is typically used for small batch production of larger bearing rings, especially in free forging or hammer forging. However, it tends to be quite noisy during operation. 2. **Crank Press** A crank press is primarily composed of a working mechanism (crank, connecting rod, and slider), a transmission system (motor, pulley, and shaft), and a frame. The motor drives the crankshaft, which then moves the connecting rod, resulting in the upward and downward motion of the slider. This machine is ideal for stamping sheet metal components and die forging of bearing rings, particularly in high-volume production lines. 3. **Expansion Machine** The expansion machine is used to expand and shape ring blanks. It includes pressing wheels, cylinders, rolling rollers, control systems, and signal rollers. During operation, the ring blank is placed on the rolling rollers, and the pressing wheel applies pressure to deform the ring. As the ring rotates due to friction, its thickness is reduced and its diameter increased. This method is widely used in precision manufacturing for large-diameter bearings. 4. **Casting Furnace** The casting furnace plays a critical role in the heating process of metal before forging. The quality of the heat treatment directly affects the mechanical properties, material efficiency, energy consumption, and environmental impact of the final product. Different types of furnaces are available based on fuel sources, such as coal-fired, oil-fired, gas-fired, and electric furnaces. In China, coal-fired furnaces still account for a significant portion of production, while electric furnaces remain less common due to higher costs.

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